Oral
Cavity
29 April
2010
Sensory
Innervation of Oral Cavity
Facial n. (VII) taste to anterior 2/3rds of tongue (only to taste
buds)
Maxillary branch of Trigeminal n. (V2) - upper teeth and roof of
mouth
Mandibular branch of Trigeminal n. (V3) - tongue, floor of mouth
and lower teeth
Glossopharyngeal n. (XI) - general sensation and
taste to posterior 1/3rd of tongue and general sensation to oropharynx
see Netter, 2003 pl. 58; Netter,
2006 pl. 62
Important
branches of maxillary n.
Zygomatic
Infraorbital
Nasopalatine
Greater palatine
Lesser palatine
Superior alveolar
Woodburne
& Burkel, 1988, Fig. III-72
Important
branches of mandibular n.
Auriculotemporal n.
Branches
to masseteric mm., tensor veli
palatini, buccal branch
Lingual n.
Mylohyoid n.
Inferior alveolar n.
Woodburne
& Burkel, 1988, Fig. III-52
Facial
nerve (VII) - branches to mouth travel with the Lingual n.
Chorda
tympani
Taste to anterior 2/3rds of tongue
Submandibular gang.
Parasympathetic innervation to submandibular & sublingual glands
Netter, 2003 pl. 117; Netter 2006
pl. 123
Surface
features of oral cavity
Hard palate
Soft palate
Uvula
Palatoglossal arch
Palatopharyngeal arch
Dorsum of Tongue
see Netter, 2003 pl. 47; Netter,
2006 pl. 51
Innervation
and blood supply of mouth
Greater palatine a. & n.
Greater palatine for.
Lesser palatine a. & n.
Palatoglossus m.
Palatopharyngeus
m.
Netter, 2003 pl. 48; Netter, 2006
pl. 52
Tongue
in sagittal section
The
root "geni" - G. chin or jaw (“ment”
– L., the chin; basis for mental nerve, mental process, etc.)
Genioglossus
m.
Geniohyoid
m.
Mylohyoid
m.
Hyoid
bone
see Netter, 2003 pl. 59; Netter,
2006 pl. 63
muscles
on lateral side of tongue
Palatoglossus m.
Styloglossus m.
Stylohyoid m.
Hyoglossus m.
other
lateral structures:
Submandibular duct
Lingual a. & v.
Hypoglossal n. - motor innervation to
intrinsic muscles of tongue and genioglossus
Netter, 2003 pl. 55; Netter, 2006
pl. 59
Suprahyoid
Muscles in an Inferolateral view
Mylohyoid
Digastric
anterior
posterior
Stylohyoid
Infrahyoid strap mm.
Netter, 2003 pl. 49; Netter, 2006
pl. 53
Swallowing
• Occurrs in three stages
• 1.
Tongue pushes food bolus backward from mouth into oropharynx.
• 2. Elevation
of soft palate seal nasopharynx and deflect bolus
inferiorly; suprahyoid and strap muscles contract to
elevate larynx.
• 3.
Sequential contraction of pharyngeal constrictors. Peristaltic contractions of esophagus propel
bolus inferiorly
See Moore & Dalley,
pp. 1104-1105
Teeth
•
Composed of a base of dentin
–
Bone-like, but with no living cells
• Roots
in alveoli of maxilla & mandible
• Roots
covered by cementum
• Held
in alveoli by periodontal ligament
• Pulp
cavity contains nerves, blood vessels & living cells
• Crown
covered by enamel
• Four
types of teeth
•
Incisors
– Two per quadrant
– Thin cutting edge
•
Canines
– One per quadrant
– Single cone for piercing
•
Premolars
– Two per quadrant
– Two cusps
•
Molars
– Three cusps per quadrant
– Three or more cusps for grinding
Netter, 2003, pl. 52; Netter, 2006
pl. 56
Innervation
of Teeth
Maxillary n.
superior alveolar nn.
Mandibular n.
inferior alveolar n.
see Netter, 2003 pls. 41, 42;
Netter, 2006 pls. 45, 46
Reference
Woodburne,
R.T. & W.E. Burkel, 1988. Essentials of Human
Anatomy. 8th ed.