The Temporal Bone & the Organ of Hearing

13 May 2008

External ear (auricle)

· Helix

· Antihelix

· Tragus

· Lobule

Netter, 2003 pl. 88; Netter, 2006 pl. 93

Parts of the Temporal Bone

· Squamous

· Zygomatic process

· Tympanic

· Petrous

· Mastoid process

· Styloid process

From an intracranial view be able to identify squamous, petrous and mastoid parts.

Netter, 2003 pl. 4; Netter, 2006 pl. 4, 9

Parts of Organ of Hearing

· External ear

– auricle

– external acoustic meatus

· Tympanic membrane

· Middle ear – Tympanic cavity

– middle ear cavity

– auditory ossicles, associated muscles

– nerves

· Inner ear

– cochlea

– semicircular canals

Woodburne & Burkel, 1988; Fig. III, 87

See Netter, 2003 pl. 87; Netter, 2006 pl. 92

Tympanic membrane

· Pars flacida

· Pars tensa

· Manubrium of malleus

· Umbo

Clemente 1997, Fig. 923;

see Netter, 2003 pl. 88; Netter, 2006 93

Features of Tympanic Cavity

· Malleus

· Incus

· Stapes

Moore & Dalley, 2006; Figs. 7.75, 7.77

Lateral wall

· Tympanic membrane and manubrium of malleus

· Auditory ossicles

· Auditory tube

· Tensor tympani muscle

· Chorda tympani

note proximity to mastoid air cells and jugular fossa

Clemente 1997, Fig. 928,

see Netter, 2003 pl. 89; Netter, 2006 pl. 94

Medial wall

· Lateral semicircular canal

· Facial canal

· Stapes in Oval window

· Promontory for basal turn of cochlea

· Round window

Clemente 1997, Fig. 929,

see Netter, 2003 pl. 89; Netter, 2006 pl. 94

Mastoid and Tympanic cavities from a Posterolateral view

· Prominence of the Lateral Semicircularcanal

· Facial Nerve

· Chorda Tympani

Clemente 1997, Fig. 933