Socialization and Parental Influence

A. The Process of Socialization

 

 

• unidirectional vs. bidirectional influences

 

 

B. Discussion

 

 

 

 

II. Evidence of Parental Influence

A.  Maternal deprivation

• Spitz - institutionalized children

 

• Harlow

 

B. Parenting Style (Baumrind)

 

 

C.  Attachment Security

Ainsworth - The Strange Situation

 

 

1. Attachment classifications

• secure

 

 

• insecure - avoidant

 

 

• insecure - resistant

 

 

• disorganized

 

2. Research findings on security of attachment

 

 

 

 

D. Specific Parenting Practice

 

 

 

III. Limits to Parental Influence

A. Genetic factors

• Gene/Environment interactions (Scarr & McCartney)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

B. Peer Influences

1. Models of Peer Influence

 

 

 

 

2. Research Evidence

 

 

 

 

IV. Modern Perspectives on Parental Influence

A. Parents choose pathways and experiences

 

 

 

 

B. Parents influence how children interpret their experiences

 

 

 

 

 

C. Parents influence the speed with which children travel on a developmental pathway

D. e.g., peer relationships