Philosophy of Religion-  Phil 131, sect. 2
Dr. McCormick
Thurs 5:30-8:20,  MND 3009
 

Office Hours:  W 3:00-4:00, Thurs 2:00-3:00,and by appointment
Office:  Mendocino 3020            Office phone:  278-7372
email:  mccormick@csus.edu        Webpage: www.csus.edu/indiv/m/mccormickm
Writing Guidelines http://www.csus.edu/phil/req/writing.htm
Philosophy Department Office:  Mendocino 3032, 278-6424

Catalog Description Philosophy of Religion.  Introduction to philosophical theology, the philosophical study of religious assertions, arguments, and beliefs:  the existence and nature of God;  the rationality of religious belief;  the relation of faith to reason;  the problem of evil; immortality and resurrection;  the possibility of miracles;  the meaning of religious language.  Includes both traditional and contemporary approaches.  3 units.

Satisfies GE Area C3:  Introduction to the Humanities

 Required Text:  there are no texts for this course in the bookstore.  All readings will be linked on the syllabus below in the weekly schedule, or the indicated reading will be available in WebCT in the folder marked "Course Readings" 

The Course:  Religion is perhaps one of the most widespread and familiar of human behaviors.  For as long as humans have been recognizably human, they have been religious.  Religious claims are of particular interest to philosophers because they raise so many important metaphysical issues.  That is, religious claims often make assertions about  the ultimate nature of reality, the existence of souls, an afterlife, and most importantly, the existence of a God or gods.  Part of the reason people have such a strong interest in religion is because of the implications religious claims would have on our lives if they are true.  
    We will discuss the philosophical and metaphysical tenets of Christianity, Islam, Judaism, as well as Buddhism and Hinduism.  Our primary focus in the first third of the course will be on the notion of an all powerful, all knowing, and all good God that is central to the predominant western and non-western monotheistic traditions.  We will consider various philosophical approaches to many religious issues, arguments for and against the existence of God,  the problem of evil, faith, revelation, mysticism, the Creation-Evolution debate, the attributes of God, miracles, the relationship of religion to ethics, the relationship between religiousness and rationality, the different forms of religious beliefs, and so on.   We will operate with the justified assumption that serious, rational inquiry and respectful dialogue on these issues can help us learn about God, religion, and ourselves, and that we can obtain better, more reasonable positions regarding these topics. In all of these discussions and readings we will consider the contributions and perspectives of persons from various ethnic, socio-economic, and religious groups.

Student Outcome Goals:  This course has several major goals for students.

1)  To develop the ability to think critically, objectively, and carefully about religious claims and issues.  
2)  To familiarize students with the major issues and arguments in the philosophy of religion.  
3)  To equip students with a number of basic, essential skills of philosophical analysis.  
4)  To expose students to diverse ethnic, cultural, historical, and social traditions as they intersect with religious issues.  
5)  To develop students' writing skills, textual analysis skills, and oral discussion/debate skills.

These goals will be met and assessed with reading assignments, tests, vocabulary assessment, quizzes, paper assignments, class discussions, lectures, and philosophical research.  
    
    Assignments:  In this course you will write two papers.  They will be argument reconstructions, critical responses, or argument evaluations.  You are free to make use of my office hours for help.  All papers will be assessed according to the criteria described in the assignment and the Philosophy Department writing guidelines posted at:  www.csus.edu/phil/req/writing.htm.
    There will also be four sets of reading questions.  There will be a midterm and a final exam.  And students are required to participate in discussion on www.phil131.wikispaces.com

    Late Assignments:  Each student may take one extension on a due paper or question set (but not on the final exam) until the next class period.  This is the only extension you will have, so use it wisely.  You do not need to inform me when you choose to take your extension.  All other late assignments will be penalized one letter grade per day (not per class period.)  Assignments turned in after class on the day they are due will be counted late. 
    Missed Assignments:  Be forewarned:  A missed assignment will be entered as a 0 in the grade spreadsheet, and that has a substantial negative impact on your course grade.  Even an F (55 points) has a less damaging effect on your grade.
 

Do not submit assignments by email.
 

Makeup Policy:  There will be no extra credit or make up assignments for any missed work.  The midterm or final exams will not be rescheduled for anyone—plan accordingly.      

Course Grade:  Your final grade will be calculated as follows:
 

Grading Structure Number Value Total
Papers 2 10% 20%
Reading Questions 6 5% 30%
Midterm 1 15% 15%
Final Exam 1 15% 15%
Attendance and Participation     10%
Wiki-Page discussion board     10%
      100%


To calculate your grade during the semester:  
1.  Take all reading question set scores and multiply by .06.
2.  Take all paper grade scores and multiply by .12  (A=95, A-=92, B+=88, B=85, B-=82, and so on.)
3.  Estimate your class attendance and participation grade:  10 = best, 0=worst.
4.  Estimate scores for any assignments yet to be completed and multiply by the appropriate %.
5.  Add all of those results.  A=100-90, B=89-80, C=79-70, D=69-60, F=59-50.  

    Grading Guidelines:  A detailed explanation of the standards employed in this course to grade assignments and the requirements for different grades can be found at:  http://www.csus.edu/phil/req/grading.htm


    Attendance:  Class attendance is mandatory.  Anyone with 3 or more unexcused absences will receive a 0 for class attendance and participation.  Everyone is expected to come to class prepared, having read the assigned materials, and ready to participate in the class discussions.  Everyone who meets these requirements will receive a full 10% for their class participation grade.  Failure to meet these requirements will result in a proportional reduction of that grade.  
    If there are emergencies that force you to miss class, they may be excused in some rare cases.  You must notify me that you will be missing class before it occurs.  And I will require evidence in order to excuse the absence(s).  
   

    Being Tardy:  I take roll at the beginning of class and, if necessary, after the break; students who are late will be counted absent and will miss assignments, important information, and as a result, will do poorly in the course.  Three tardies count as an absence.  Students who leave at the break will receive half an absence. 
   

    Cheating:  No cheating of any sort will be tolerated in this course. All sources in papers must be cited and given appropriate credit.  The author of any information from the Internet must be given credit; using such information without indicating the source is stealing someone else's hard work and is immoral.  Students are allowed to discuss lectures and even assignments with each other, but they must do their own work.  Be cautious of sharing your notes and ideas with someone who did not attend class and did not take notes;  that person has much more to gain than you do.  

Here is the university policy on academic honesty:
 

The attempt by a student to cheat on an exam or other academic assignment or to engage in plagiarism is a violation of a fundamental principle of academic honesty and integrity and will not be tolerated in the University. Formal procedures exist for dealing with these cases and penalties will be imposed on students who are found guilty of academic dishonesty. In the event of expulsion, suspension or probation, a notation is made on the student’s transcript. Suspension and probation notations remain on the transcript for the life of the suspension/probation. For information, contact the office of the Vice President for Student Affairs.
 

All students will be responsible for reading and following the university honesty, plagiarism, and cheating policies.  They are posted on the web at: 

http://www.csus.edu/umanual/student/UMA00150.htm

 

    Intellectual Property Right Policy.  The development of websites and businesses that buy students' notes and papers and resell them to other students willing to cheat has made this policy necessary:  
    I do not give my permission for any materials presented in my course, including but not limited to lectures, lecture notes, assignments, tests, and handouts, to be sold without my explicit written permission.  Those materials also may not be given, or otherwise transferred by anyone who is not currently enrolled in my course to anyone who is currently enrolled in my course.  Nor can they be given or otherwise transferred to anyone who is currently enrolled in my course to anyone who is not.  They may not be used for any commercial purposes without my explicit written permission.  Their use is to be educational and confined to use in my class.  Anyone who violates these policies is in conflict with university intellectual copyright policy and will be subject to legal action.

Students with Disabilities:  If you have a documented disability and require accommodation or assistance with assignments, tests, attendance, note taking, etc., please see the instructor early in the semester so that appropriate arrangements can be made to ensure your full participation in class. Also, you are encouraged to contact the Services for Students with Disabilities (Lassen Hall) for additional information regarding services that might be available to you.

    General Education Area C3:  In order to fulfill the requirements of G.E. area C3, this course accomplishes the following:  
A.  It is introductory and has no prerequisites.
B.  It is broad in scope.  The course addresses approximately 2,000 years of religious arguments and traditions in the Christian, Muslim, and Jewish faiths.  
C.  It develops a comprehensive understanding of the heritage being studied and transmits a knowledge of the Western and non-Western cultural heritage by considering religious traditions in various cultures and eras.  The philosophical underpinnings of Western Christian and Middle Eastern Islamic and Jewish traditions are addressed.
D.  It focuses on ideas and values of various cultures and traditions as expressed in their literatures, philosophies, and religions.  
E.  It develops an understanding of and appreciation for the diversity of the human community by considering various religious viewpoints—Christian, Muslim, Jewish, Buddhist, and Hindu--and their justifications.
F.  It considers contributions and perspectives from people of various ethnic, socio-economic, and religious groups covering more than 2,000 years of Christian, Muslim, Jewish, Buddhist, and Hindu traditions.  It reflects on the role and contribution of women, gays, and lesbians within these traditions.  

 

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Course Schedule   Here is an outline of the authors and topics in the assigned text that we will be discussing.   Topics and reading assignments are subject to change.

 

Week 1:   Introduction:  The concept of God in different religious traditions.  Philosophical theology.
 

Week 2:  Science and Religion

 

Readings:  (all readings need to be completed by the first class of the week)

 

Steven Jay Gould:  Nonoverlapping Magisteria

 

Paul Kurtz, Are Science and Religion Compatible? 

 

Week 3:  Religion and Morality

 

Readings:  (all readings need to be completed by the first class of the week) 

Plato  http://classics.mit.edu/Plato/euthyfro.html

Stephen Pinker:  The Morality Instinct:  http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/13/magazine/13Psychology-t.html?scp=1&sq=pinker

De Waal, Frans:  Morality and Social Instincts:  Continuity with the Other Primates 

http://www.tannerlectures.utah.edu/lectures/documents/volume25/deWaal_2005.pdf

Week 4:  Cosmological Arguments

 

Readings:  (all readings need to be completed by the first class of the week)

 

The Kalam Cosmological Argument.  http://www.leaderu.com/truth/3truth11.html

 

Critique of the Cosmological Argument, http://spot.colorado.edu/~morristo/kalam-not.html

 

Week 5:  Teleological Arguments for the Existence of God
           

Readings:  (all readings need to be completed by the first class of the week)

 

Fine Tuning Argument

Robin Collins:  God, Design, and Fine Tuning  in   WebCT: Readings Folder.
 

Victor Stenger:  The Anthropic Coincidences, a Natural Explanation

 

Steven Weinberg  A Designer Universe? http://www.physlink.com/Education/essay_weinberg.cfm

 

Week 6:  Intelligent Design  

 

Readings:  (all readings need to be completed by the first class of the week)

 

Richard Swinburne, http://www.mrrena.com/misc/Swinburne.shtml

Evolution:

 

"15 Answers to Creationist Nonsense":  http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?articleID=000D4FEC-7D5B-1D07-8E49809EC588EEDF

 

Misunderstandings about Evolution:  http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/faq-misconceptions.html

 

Week 7:  The Argument from Design continued

 

Review Sheet:  Midterm Exam Questions

 

Midterm, Thurs. Oct 16th in class. 

 

 

Week 8: The Problem of Evil, and Theodicies

 

Readings:  (all readings need to be completed by the first class of the week)

 

Leibniz, The Argument Reduced to Syllogistic Form, Leibniz,  in WebCT: Readings Folder. 
 

Evil and Soul Making, Hick, in in  WebCT: Readings Folder.

 

Week 9:  Arguments for Atheism

 

Readings:  (all readings need to be completed by the first class of the week)

 

Rowe, William:  The Problem of Evil and Some Varieties of Atheism  in WebCT: Readings Folder. 

 

Rowe, William:  Friendly Atheism, Skeptical Theism, and the Problem of Evil in WebCT: Readings Folder. 

 

Week 10:  Atheism continued.

 

Readings:  (all readings need to be completed by the first class of the week)

 

The Santa Argument:  Scriven's Santa Claus Principle Powerpoint presentation.

 

Drange, Theodore.  Incompatible-Properties Arguments:  A Survey

 

Divine Hiddenness and Nonbelief

 

Week 11:  Faith: 

 

Readings:  (all readings need to be completed by the first class of the week)

 

William Lane Craig:  Video Clip on Faith and Doubt

 

Antony Flew:  The Parable of the Invisible Gardener 

 

Sam Harris:  Believing the Unbelievable 

 

Harris:  excerpt from The End of Faith, http://www.samharris.org/site/full_text/chapter-one/

 

Week 12:  Souls and the Afterlife: 

 

Readings:  (all readings need to be completed by the first class of the week)

 

McCormick, "Against the Immortality of the Soul"

 

Penn and Teller on Near Death Experiences  (If the link isn't active, search on www.YouTube.com for "Penn and Teller Near Death Experiences") 

Week 13:  Miracles

 

Readings:  (all readings need to be completed by the first class of the week)

 

Against Miracles, David Hume, in  WebCT: Readings Folder.

 

McCormick: Miracles (Powerpoint)

       

Week 14:  Pragmatic Justifications for Belief
       

Readings:  (all readings need to be completed by the first class of the week)

 

Pascal’s Wager, in  WebCT: Readings Folder.

 

Clifford, The Ethics of Belief.  366-370.  Also available here:  http://www.infidels.org/library/historical/w_k_clifford/ethics_of_belief.html

 

Week 15:  Summation and Final Review
 

Final Exam:  Due by Friday, December 19 at 5:00   You can submit it by email: mccormick@csus.edu or turn in a hard copy to my office MND 3020.  No late final exams will be accepted, and you may not use your extension on the final. 

 

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Assignments

 

Reading Questions:  Typically these reading questions will be due in class on the first day we begin a new section of the course.  If the questions cover future sections of the readings, you will need to read ahead through those weeks.

 

1.  Science, Religion, and Morality

 

2.  Cosmological Arguments

 

3.  Teleological Arguments

 

4.  The Problem of Evil

 

5.  Atheism, Faith, and Reason

 

6.  Miracles and Pragmatic Justifications

 

    
Paper Assignments:
 

First Paper Assignment:  The Problem of Evil

Second Paper Assignment:  Deductive Atheology

 

 

Wikispaces Discussion Board:

 

All students are required to make regular, constructive, and considered contributions to our discussion board within Wikispaces.  The address is:   

 

http://phil131.wikispaces.com/

 

Getting started:  Go to that address.  Create an identity.  In order to get credit for your contributions and so that the rest of the class can identify you, you must use your full name as your identity with no spaces.  So mine is:  MattMcCormick.  If your name's already taken, add "Phil131" to the end of it.  Do not use a pseudonym--everyone in class needs to know who is writing and who they are writing to. 

 

Posting questions, comments, and ideas:  Under the discussion tab, there will be different threads of conversation with questions and comments from Prof. McCormick and other students.  Choose topics and questions that you find interesting and make a post, or ask new questions and start a thread of your own. 

 

Grading:  Students who make frequent, reflective, and helpful posts (at least 12 for the semester) will receive a full 10% for this portion of the grade.  Lesser contributions will be graded proportionally lower.  Contributions will be evaluated on the basis of these criteria:

  1. How frequently did the student post?

  2. How constructive and thoughtful were the student's contributions?

  3. To what extent did the student's posts reflect an engagement in the concepts, issues, and philosophical challenges focused on in the course?

  4. To what extent did the student's posts reflect his or her familiarity with the assigned readings for the course?

 

Rules of Engagement: 

 

 

 

Handouts:  Here are some handouts that will be relevant to several discussions during the semester.

Some Logical Basics

What is Omnipotence?

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Some Links:

Prof. McCormick's Atheism Blog:  www.atheismblog.blogspot.com

Prof. McCormick's Atheism Seminar (fall 07).  See relevant readings in the weekly schedule at the bottom:  http://www.csus.edu/indiv/m/mccormickm/AtheismSyllabus.htm