Chemical Senses (Taste and Smell)

• Smell and Taste receptors both respond to the presence of chemical substances.

Smell (Olfaction) -

Stimulus:

 

 

Anatomy:

• vapors can enter the nasal cavity in 2 ways

1.

 

2.

 

 

•  

 

 

 

Smell Constancy:

 

•  

 

 

•  

 

 

•  

 

 

•  

Smell and Behavior:

• identification/recognition:

•  

 

•  

 

•  

 

•  

 

•  

 

 

• memory:

 

 

 

 

• purchasing:

 

 

 

 

 

 

• warning system:

 

 

 

 

 

 

• emotion:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

• animals:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Taste (Gustation) -

Stimulus:

 

 

•  

 

• 5 basic taste categories:

 

 

Anatomy:

•  

 

 

 

•  

 

 

•  

 

 

•  

 

 

•  

 

 

•  

 

 

•  

 

 

•  

 

 

•  

 

 

Taste Thresholds and Tongue Regions:

• sour --

• salty & sweet --

• bitter --

 

 

Taste Thresholds and Temperature:

 

•  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Taste Thresholds & Genetics:

• Thresholds for taste of PTC (phenylthiocarbamide)--

 

 

 

•  

 

 

 

 

Taste Adaptation:

 

 

 

•  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Altered Taste:

• taste disorders (altered taste or no taste) --

   

•  

 

 

•  

 

 

• Taste Modifiers --

 

• "miracle fruit" from West Africa --

 

• Sodium Lauryl Sulfate -

 

 

• Gymnema sylvestre -