1. Why have most of the advances in civil rights come through the federal courts and not through our legislatures? What does this say about our democratic system? Which would you rather have: judges who believe in judicial restraint when it comes to civil rights, or judges who are activists?

2. Thirty years ago, most people assumed that we were “all the same

underneath”—that is, that everyone wanted to assimilate and become part of a homogeneous group. Today, we talk about “valuing differences” and searching for diversity.   Describe the advantages and disadvantages to the culture of diversity?

3.  When airline security officials depart from their policy of random passenger searches to detain persons for inspection who

appear to be from the Middle East, (1) is this a case of ethnic profiling, in

violation of civil rights laws or (2) is it a reasonable, legal, constitutional

exception to civil rights under the equal protection clause?