PIPE FLOW PHOTOGRAPHS

Pipe system is on the wall to the left as you enter the lab. Flow comes down the supply pipe and is measured with the differential manometer in that line. The flow can then be diverted to either the copper or the galvanized pipe with the gate valves as the flow enters the horizontal section. The flow goes along the pipe from left to right in this photo.

Each pipe has a pair of static-stagnation taps to determine the velocity pattern across the pipe. The stagnation tap can be moved across the pipe. The difference between the static & stagnation value is Δ h = v²/2g at that point across the pipe. There are manometer taps along each pipe. The levels of the water in the manometers can be partly controlled by the exit valve opening. The flow leaves the pipe system through the pipe going down in this view.

The manometer lines run from along the pipes to the manometers in this view. There are small tubes that run from the pipe tap positions to these manometers. You need to be sure the air is removed from the tubes for the manometer readings to be accurate.

The water from the pipe system drains into the return channel that runs just below floor level through the lab. The water storage area is to the right in this photo.