Practice Test

    Chapter Five

    1. American criminal law is derived from
      A. ancient Greek and Roman ethics.
      B. British common law.
      C. the Pilgrims.
      D. Catholicism.
    2. Formal rules designed to maintain social control are called
      A. civil law.
      B. procedural law.
      C. criminal law.
      D. substantive criminal law.
    3. Laws passed by legislatures that prohibit or mandate certain acts are called
      A. penal acts.
      B. statutes.
      C. precedents.
      D. regulations.
    4. Judicial application and interpretation of laws as they apply in a given case is called
      A. civil law.
      B. statute.
      C. precedent.
      D. case law.
    5. Which one of the following is NOT a main source of American criminal law?
      A. constitutions
      B. court decisions
      C. statutes
      D. morality
    6. The view that an act becomes a crime only when it serves the interests of those in positions of power is referred to as the
      A. consensus view.
      B. criminal code.
      C. procedural view.
      D. conflict view.
    7. The ____________________ Amendment to the U.S. Constitution gives states the power to pass laws.
      A. First
      B. Second
      C. Fifth
      D. Tenth
    8. Which of the following is identified in the text as perhaps the most important element of a crime?
      A. actus reus
      B. sufficiency
      C. mens rea
      D. attendant circumstances
    9. Which of the following are five characteristics of acts that can invoke criminal liability?
      A. sufficiency, possession, statuses, voluntariness, and omissions
      B. mens rea, actus reus, attendant circumstances, voluntariness, and omissions
      C. recklessness, intention, causation, liability, and reasonableness
      D. necessity, insanity, duress, ignorance, and mistake
    10. A condition in which a person has the opportunity to exercise control over an object is called
      A. actual possession.
      B. possession.
      C. constructive possession.
      D. recklessness.
    11. Which of the following is NOT subject to criminal penalities?
      A. unconscious acts
      B. voluntary acts
      C. conscious acts
      D. omissions
    12. According to the text's discussion of the causation requirement,
      A. a criminal act must be shown to cause the particular harm suffered.
      B. the harm caused by a criminal act must always have occurred because of the act.
      C. a criminal act must be the "proximate cause" of the result.
      D. all of the above
    13. Which of the following is NOT an acceptable legal defense?
      A. defenses related to mental illness
      B. defenses involving moral turpitude
      C. defenses involving force
      D. defenses involving justification or excuse
    14. Establishing the presence of the elements of a crime in a given case, thereby subjecting the accused person to criminal penalties, is called
      A. the reasonableness standard.
      B. criminal liability.
      C. mental illness.
      D. the causation requirement.
    15. A claim that the defendant was not sane under law at the time of the act is called
      A. criminal liability.
      B. the reasonableness standard.
      C. the insanity defense.
      D. the necessity defense.
    16. ____________________ is the medical label for irrational behavior that results from depression following childbirth.
      A. Paranoid schizophrenia
      B. Post-traumatic stress disorder
      C. Postpartum psychosis
      D. Bi-polar disorder
    17. The insanity defense originated in England in 1843 in the case of
      A. Daniel M'Naghten.
      B. Harley Durham.
      C. Danny Escobedo.
      D. John Hinckley.
    18. Which of the following is NOT a defense involving force?
      A. self-defense
      B. insanity defense
      C. defense of others
      D. defense of property
    19. In the Model Penal Code, what defense is called the "choice of evils?"
      A. necessity
      B. insanity
      C. duress
      D. ignorance
    20. ____________________ is a defense designed to prevent the government from manufacturing crime by attracting unwary citizens into criminal situations.
      A. Duress
      B. Entrapment
      C. Necessity
      D. Reasonable force